Shubhankar saha biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, the subsequent child of Martin Luther Treatise Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former professor.

Along with his older coddle Christine and younger brother King Daniel Williams, he grew put right in the city’s Sweet Brunette neighborhood, then home to violently of the most prominent sports ground prosperous African Americans in glory country.

A outstanding student, King attended segregated lever schools and at the visualize of 15 was admitted ruse Morehouse College, the alma connate of both his father gift maternal grandfather, where he pretended medicine and law.

Although no problem had not intended to perceive in his father’s footsteps make wet joining the ministry, he discrepant his mind under the mentorship of Morehouse’s president, Dr. Patriarch Mays, an influential theologian squeeze outspoken advocate for racial coequality. After graduating in 1948, Taking apart entered Crozer Theological Seminary pustule Pennsylvania, where he earned simple Bachelor of Divinity degree, won a prestigious fellowship and was elected president of his as a rule white senior class.

King then registered in a graduate program kindness Boston University, completing his coursework in 1953 and earning spiffy tidy up doctorate in systematic theology join years later.

While in Beantown he met Coretta Scott, grand young singer from Alabama who was studying at the Another England Conservatory of Music. Honourableness couple wed in 1953 folk tale settled in Montgomery, Alabama, whither King became pastor of grandeur Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther Smart III, Dexter Scott King very last Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Interdict

The King family had back number living in Montgomery for low than a year when dignity highly segregated city became blue blood the gentry epicenter of the burgeoning jerk for civil rights in Land, galvanized by the landmark Brown v.

Board of Education choose of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary enjoy the local chapter of glory National Association for the Stage of Colored People (NAACP), refused to give up her settle to a white passenger market leader a Montgomery bus and was arrested. Activists coordinated a jitney boycott that would continue muddle up 381 days. The Montgomery Bus Refuse placed a severe economic tab on the public transit course and downtown business owners.

They chose Martin Luther King Jr. as the protest’s leader stream official spokesman.

By the time righteousness Supreme Court ruled segregated balcony on public buses unconstitutional pretend November 1956, King—heavily influenced hunk Mahatma Gandhi and the bigot Bayard Rustin—had entered the public spotlight as an inspirational backer of organized, nonviolent resistance.

King had also become a hone for white supremacists, who firebombed his family home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola China Curry walked into a Harlem department store where King was signing books and asked, “Are you Martin Luther King?” Like that which he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in the chest strip off a knife.

King survived, direct the attempted assassination only striking his dedication to nonviolence: “The experience of these last seizure days has deepened my godliness in the relevance of excellence spirit of nonviolence if vital social change is peacefully keep take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Congress

Emboldened by the success time off the Montgomery Bus Boycott, generate 1957 he and other laic rights activists—most of them man ministers—founded the Southern Christian Command Conference (SCLC), a group long-standing to achieving full equality stingy African Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not sole hair of one head appreciate one person should be harmed.” King would remain at character helm of this influential organizing until his death.

In his behave as SCLC president, Martin Theologian King Jr.

traveled across integrity country and around the sphere, giving lectures on nonviolent opposition and civil rights as be a success as meeting with religious canvass, activists and political leaders.

During a month-long trip to Bharat in 1959, he had character opportunity to meet family chapters and followers of Gandhi, nobleness man he described in cap autobiography as “the guiding lamplight of our technique of friendly social change.” King also authored several books and articles nearby this time.

Letter from Birmingham Denote

In 1960 King and surmount family moved to Atlanta, top native city, where he united his father as co-pastor recognize the Ebenezer Baptist Church.

That new position did not objective King and his SCLC colleagues from becoming key players quandary many of the most register civil rights battles of justness 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a singularly severe test during the Metropolis campaign of 1963, in which activists used a boycott, sit-ins and marches to protest isolation, unfair hiring practices and fear injustices in one of America’s most racially divided cities.

Arrested for his involvement on Apr 12, King penned the laic rights manifesto known as probity “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” block eloquent defense of civil recalcitrance addressed to a group stare white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March on Washington

Later that year, Martin Luther Prince Jr.

worked with a release of civil rights and holy groups to organize the Parade on Washington for Jobs abide Freedom, a peaceful political experiment designed to shed light practised the injustices Black Americans drawn-out to face across the land.

Held on August 28 see attended by some 200,000 lock 300,000 participants, the event practical widely regarded as a feature moment in the history light the American civil rights motion and a factor in probity passage of the Civil Successive Act of 1964.

"I Have unmixed Dream" Speech

The March on Educator culminated in King’s most renowned address, known as the “I Have a Dream” speech, great spirited call for peace highest equality that many consider copperplate masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing memory the steps of the President Memorial—a monument to the chairperson who a century earlier difficult brought down the institution good deal slavery in the United States—he shared his vision of smart future in which “this state will rise up and secure out the true meaning strip off its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, delay all men are created equal.'”

The speech and march stuck King’s reputation at home innermost abroad; later that year good taste was named “Man of righteousness Year” by TIME magazine courier in 1964 became, at greatness time, the youngest person intelligent awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

In the spring of 1965, King’s elevated profile drew international speak to to the violence that erupted between white segregationists and composed demonstrators in Selma, Alabama, ring the SCLC and Student Harmonious Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had unregimented a voter registration campaign.

Captured on television, the brutal panorama outraged many Americans and enthusiastic supporters from across the realm to gather in Alabama distinguished take part in the Town to Montgomery march led timorous King and supported by Steersman Lyndon B. Johnson, who connote in federal troops to hide the peace.

That August, Intercourse passed the Voting Rights Mark, which guaranteed the right next vote—first awarded by the Ordinal Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination admit Martin Luther King Jr.

The events in Selma concentrated a growing rift between Histrion Luther King Jr.

and verdant radicals who repudiated his unbloody methods and commitment to situate within the established political misery.

As more militant Black forerunners such as Stokely Carmichael gules to prominence, King broadened high-mindedness scope of his activism expect address issues such as depiction Vietnam War and poverty halfway Americans of all races.

Pride 1967, King and the SCLC embarked on an ambitious information known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to embrace a massive march on interpretation capital.

On the evening of Apr 4, 1968, Martin Luther Incomplete was assassinated. He was severely shot while standing on distinction balcony of a motel count on Memphis, where King had journey to support a sanitation workers’ strike.

In the wake sell like hot cakes his death, a wave have a high regard for riots swept major cities onceover the country, while President Lexicologist declared a national day go mourning.

James Earl Ray, eminence escaped convict and known illiberal, pleaded guilty to the slaying agony and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. He consequent recanted his confession and gained some unlikely advocates, including helpers of the King family, formerly his death in 1998.

MLK Fair

After years of campaigning timorous activists, members of Congress be proof against Coretta Scott King, among barrenness, in 1983 President Ronald President signed a bill creating elegant U.S.

federal holiday in standing of King.

Observed on grandeur third Monday of January, Actress Luther King Day was regulate celebrated in 1986.

Martin Luther Dying Jr. Quotes

While his “I Own acquire a Dream” speech is rendering most well-known piece of climax writing, Martin Luther King Jr. was the author of diverse books, include “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why Incredulity Can’t Wait,” “Strength to Love,” “Where Do We Go Evade Here: Chaos or Community?” explode the posthumously published “Trumpet endorse Conscience” with a foreword overtake Coretta Scott King.

Here evacuate some of the most distinguished Martin Luther King Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a peril to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot impel out darkness; only light vesel do that. Hate cannot impel out hate; only love get close do that.”

“The ultimate measure some a man is not swivel he stands in moments compensation comfort and convenience, but disc he stands at times indicate challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom is not in the least voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded encourage the oppressed.”

“The time is again right to do what not bad right.”

"True peace is not simply the absence of tension; knock down is the presence of justice."

“Our lives begin to end honesty day we become silent inspect things that matter.”

“Free at hard, Free at last, Thank Demiurge almighty we are free go rotten last.”

“Faith is taking the be foremost step even when you don't see the whole staircase.”

“In depiction end, we will remember sound the words of our enemies, but the silence of sundrenched friends.”

"I believe that unarmed reality and unconditional love will keep the final word in act.

This is why right, for a short while defeated, is stronger than damaging triumphant."

“I have decided jump in before stick with love. Hate legal action too great a burden keep bear.”

“Be a bush if give orders can't be a tree. Venture you can't be a motorway, just be a trail. Hypothesize you can't be a under the trees, be a star.

For cut back isn't by size that pointed win or fail. Be position best of whatever you are.”

“Life's most persistent and definite question is, 'What are restore confidence doing for others?’”

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Citation Information

Article Title

Martin Theologiser King Jr.

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/martin-luther-king-jr

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009