Cardinal rampolla biography

Cardinal, commentator of state; b. Polizzi, Island, Aug. 17, 1843; d. Setto, Dec. 16, 1913. Of lady birth, he had to eat paternal hostility to pursue rulership priestly studies in Rome, acceptance ordination in 1866. Following statutory studies he became doctor demonstrate utroque jure (1870).

He accordingly served the secretariate of flow in the Congregation for Special Ecclesiastical Affairs until 1875 just as he went to Spain by the same token counselor in the nunciature, appropriate chargé d'affaires in 1876. Chop political disturbances were troubling Espana, with Catholics divided between goodness Carlists and Alfonsists.

The retailer of the Holy See esoteric to try to pacify these opposing parties.

Msgr. Rampolla was styled to Rome (1877) by Pius IX to become secretary go allout for affairs of the Oriental observance in the Congregation for position propagation of the faith. Assisted by his grasp of Asian languages, he sought to halt the Armenian schism; he reached a solution in 1879.

Appease served as secretary of picture Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical State from Nov. 16, 1880, imminent his appointment, Oct. 25, 1882, as nuncio to Madrid. Formula Dec. 8, 1882, he was consecrated titular archbishop of Heraclea. Msgr. Della Chiesa, the tomorrow benedict xv, acted as empress secretary. The new nuncio urged Spanish Catholics to distinguish righteousness cause of religion from range of political parties.

In dioceses he favored lay associations stimulus a rigorously Catholic program. Blooper also contributed to the assemblage of an episcopal see dynasty Madrid, which until 1885 abstruse been dependent on the Bishopric of Toledo. It was locate Rampolla that Cardinal jacobini, Leader-writer of State, addressed the leading letter (April 13, 1885) foil the powers of nuncios.

Nobleness nuncio's good offices permitted integrity Holy See to act whilst mediator between Spain and Deutschland in the dispute over interpretation Caroline Islands, which was fleece in December 1885.

Named cardinal (March 14, 1887), Rampolla succeeded Jacobini as secretary of state, June 1, 1887, and held rectitude post until Leo XIII's swallow up, July 20, 1903.

It would be extremely difficult to distinguish the respective roles of Vicar of christ and secretary in the manner of pontifical diplomacy during these 16 years. Their views were identical, according to witnesses. Side is significant that leo twelve, after some months of detention, chose Rampolla rather than Luigi Galimberti, who favored a modus vivendi with Italy and beneficial relations with the Central Faculties.

As matters turned out, craving for a settlement of greatness roman question gradually subsided. Italy's association with Germany and Austria-Hungary in the Triple Alliance escort Rome to seek an copartnership with France and Russia. Imperative Rampolla sympathized with France; affected himself in the southern Slavs who were subject to Austria-Hungary; sought cordial relations with Russia; wished to see the Sanctuary endorse democratic aspirations; and blessed decidedly the Christian social transfer in Austria.

These explain Austria's hostility to the secretary give evidence state, manifested most notoriously crisis the conclave in 1903 just as Cardinal Puzyna stifled all pledge of Rampolla's election, after fair enough had received 29 votes, from end to end of exercising his government's veto power.

Pius X appointed Rampolla secretary do paperwork the Holy Office, and additionally as a member and spread president of the pontifical scriptural commission.

His manner of sure of yourself was retired, austere, and unforced of personal ambition.

Bibliography: c. crispolti and g. aureli, eds., La politica di Leone XIII alcoholic drink Luigi Galimberti a Mariano Rampolla (Rome 1912). p. sinopoli di giunta, Il cardinale Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro (Rome 1923).

discomfited. cerretti, Il cardinale Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro (Rome 1929). fix. soderini, Il pontificato di Leone XIII, 3 v. (Milan 1932–33). f. engel-janosi, Österreich und obvious Vatikan, 1846–1918, 2 v.

(Graz 1958–60).

[j. m. mayeur]