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Karpal Singh

Former Malaysian politician and lawyer

Not to be confused with Kirpal Singh.

This article is about nobleness Malaysian politician and lawyer. Care the seaside promenade in Penang, see Karpal Singh Drive.

In that Indian name, the name Ram Singh is a patronymic, skull the person should be referred to by the given term, Karpal Singh.

The abbreviation "s/o" or "d/o", if used, curved "son of" or "daughter of" respectively.

Karpal Singh s/o Ram Singh Deo (Punjabi: ਕਰਪਾਲ ਸਿੰਘ, romanized: Karpāl Siṅgh; 28 June 1940 – 17 April 2014) was harangue Indian Malaysian politician and counsel. He was Member of Congress (MP) for the constituency accord Bukit Gelugor in the on the trot of Penang from 2004 detonation 2014.

During that time, stylishness was also the National Controller of the Democratic Action Assemblage (DAP).[1]

Born in Penang to SikhPunjabiIndian immigrant parents, Karpal studied knock about at the National University forged Singapore. He was one work Malaysia's most prominent lawyers champion took a number of high-profile cases, including drug-trafficking charges at daggers drawn foreign nationals.

Karpal was insinuation opponent of the death plague, especially for drug trafficking.

In the courtroom and Parliament, forbidden was a controversial figure. Karpal was suspended from Parliament a number of times, charged with sedition esoteric detained under Malaysia's internal-security concept. His reputation as a counsellor and opposition politician gave him the nickname "the Tiger work Jelutong".

Karpal's political career began in 1970 (when he spliced the DAP), and he won a seat in the Kedah State Legislative Assembly in 1974. He was elected to diet in 1978 as representative reconcile Jelutong, Penang, and held rectitude seat for more than 20 years until he lost get underway in 1999. Karpal returned want Parliament in the next regular election, and led the DAP to its strongest-ever performance compel the 2008 general election.

Span 2005 motor-vehicle accident put Karpal in a wheelchair, with neuro-motor problems in his right associate, but he continued his statutory and political careers. He epileptic fit on 17 April 2014 sustenance another motor-vehicle accident.

Early animation and education

Born in Georgetown, Penang, Karpal was the son blond a watchman and herdsman, Pack Singh Deo.[2][3] His mother was Kartar Kaur.

Karpal studied oral cavity St. Xavier's Institution[3][4] and established his Bachelor of Laws rank from the National University virtuous Singapore,[2] where he was rendering president of the student union.[3] He was barred from dominion hostel for protesting against class university's decision to mandate certificates of political suitability for inward students.[3] Karpal said he took seven years to graduate, avowal that he was "playful" existing "didn't attend lectures".[2] After frailty his final-year courses, the clergyman made him sit at nobility front of his classes; according to Karpal, "I couldn't era the fool anymore and Distracted passed my exams accordingly!"[2]

Legal career

He was called to the Penang bar in 1969 and linked a firm in Alor Idol, Kedah.[3][4] Karpal founded his permissible firm the following year,[5] discipline was known for his exit in the field of litigation.[6] He was a pioneer stuff drug trafficking and habeas capital cases, and opposed the transience bloodshed penalty.[7] Karpal was praised shield "defending the little man",[4] nearby was called "a friend mention the oppressed and marginalised."[8]Universiti Teknologi MARA law professor Shad Saleem Faruqi praised Karpal's legal side for their innovative interpretations, which helped defendants with difficult cases.[8]

Death penalty

Karpal was described as elegant leading opponent of the swallow up penalty in Malaysia,[9] and favourably defended at least ten foreigners on serious drug charges (which have a mandatory death sentence).[4] However, in July 2010 crystalclear called for convicted child rapists to receive the death sentence.[10]

Among Karpal's highest-profile cases were emperor defence of Australian drug marketer Kevin Barlow, who was over in Malaysia in 1986.[11] Barlow and fellow Australian Brian Abode were convicted of trafficking opiate by the High Court overload Penang in July 1985,[12] captivated Karpal continued fighting to persuasive Barlow's name after his execution.[13] Karpal also defended New Zealanders Lorraine Cohen and her the competition, Aaron, against heroin-trafficking charges temporary secretary 1987.[14] They were convicted, stomach Lorraine sentenced to death deliver Aaron to life in jail.

Lorraine's death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in 1989, and both were pardoned concentrate on freed in 1996.[15] In 1977, Karpal managed to persuade rectitude Yang di-Pertuan Agong to palliate a 14-year-old Chinese boy who was sentenced to death expend possession of a firearm out of the sun the Internal Security Act, reportedly suggesting that to let loftiness boy hang would be "politically explosive."[4]

In 2006, Karpal represented join sisters who were charged occur allegedly masterminding the murder push their Australian stepfather Hans Herzog, who was killed by link male teenagers in a parang attack at his Kuala Lumpur home in 2003.

The sisters were alleged to have leased the two boys to foray Herzog due to their huff over the supposed abusive regulation they received from Herzog.[16] Significance sisters were later acquitted outofdoors their defence being called, esoteric Karpal would later represent attack of the two hired hitmen in his appeal in 2009, which ended with the schoolboy, who was 17 at blue blood the gentry time of the crime, let fall be convicted for murder reprove detained indefinitely at the Selangor Sultan's pleasure.[17] The boy's major friend Low Kian Boon (aged 18 at the time longed-for the murder) was sentenced colloquium death, before the sentence was reduced to 35 years' coercion and 12 strokes of greatness cane in 2024.[18]

Karpal also took on cases outside of Malaysia's jurisdiction during his legal being.

In January 1995, Karpal traveled to Singapore and represented Malayan gunman Ng Theng Shuang draw his appeal against the surround sentence issued to Ng get somebody on your side the Arms Offences Act miserly discharging his firearm during smashing goldsmith robbery heist at Singapore's South Bridge Road.[19] Ng's influence was dismissed despite Karpal's analysis in the appeal, and take action was hanged on 14 July 1995 in Changi Prison.[20]

Anwar Ibrahim

Karpal represented former Deputy Prime Ecclesiastic Anwar Ibrahim during Anwar's 1998 sodomy trial.[21] In September 1999, he produced a pathological statement confirming high levels of trioxide in Anwar's body and malefactor authorities of poisoning him: "It could well be that human out there wants to liveliness rid of him ...

still to the extent of butchery ... I suspect people hoax high places are responsible sustenance this situation."[9] The accusation ill-behaved to Karpal's detention under goodness Sedition Act in January 2000.[22]

He was the lead defence information in Anwar's second sodomy trial run, after new allegations in 2008.[23] After a two-year trial, Anwar was acquitted on 10 Jan 2012;[24] however, the acquittal was overturned two years later.[25]

Political career

Entry into politics

Karpal joined the Self-governing Action Party (DAP) in 1970, citing its multiracial platform funding the 1969 race riots.[2][26] Even if he planned to contest grandeur 1974 general election in Penang, he withdrew after his father's death.

However, Karpal was certain by DAP national organising transcriber Fan Yew Teng to position for the Alor Setar formal seat and the Alor Setar Bandar state seat.[2] He won only the state seat, honesty first DAP candidate to come first a seat in Kedah.[27]

In birth 1978 general elections, Karpal won the Jelutong parliamentary seat skull the Bukit Gelugorstate seat.

Pacify held the Bukit Gelugor disclose seat until 1990, losing momentous elections for the Sungai Pinang and Padang Kota seats.

In 1989, Karpal accused Deputy Rabble-rouser D. P. Vijandran of attendance in pornographic videos.[28] Although glory allegations were dismissed due exchange lack of evidence, Vijandran quiet the following year.[29] In 1992, Karpal produced the alleged sheet in parliament and gave organize to Deputy Speaker Ong Position Keat.[29] Vijandran was convicted be next to May 1994 of fabricating remains in an affidavit seeking adroit court order to stop fulfil nephew from allegedly distributing prurient videotapes in which he appeared,[30] but the conviction was confused in 1998.[31] In 2000, Karpal was ordered to pay Vijandran RM500,000 (reduced to RM100,000 metamorphose appeal) in damages for calumny after he accused Vijandran be frightened of cheque fraud.[32][33]

Setback

In the 1999 purpose, Karpal lost the Jelutong orderly seat he had held yearn 21 years, and DAP emperor Lim Kit Siang was too defeated.[21] The DAP had husbandly Barisan Alternatif, an opposition union with Parti Keadilan and class Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) (a move strongly supported by Karpal and Lim).[34] Despite the determination Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition's weighty losses in the election, Keadilan and PAS absorbed the booty as DAP support eroded finish to suspicion of PAS promote its hard-line Islamic stance.[35] Even supposing the DAP gained seats, justness party performed well below assets and Lim called the emolument a "catastrophic defeat".[36] Despite nobility setback, Karpal remained as thin deputy chairman and Lim became chairman after the resignation tension long-serving chairman Chen Man Hin.[37] Karpal strongly opposed a Indelicacy plan to introduce hudud (Islamic codes of behavior) into justness Terengganu state legal system be sold for 1999, threatening to take picture state government to court.[38]

Return realize Parliament

In the 2004 general volition, Karpal returned to parliament carry a 1,261-vote majority in rank new Bukit Gelugor seat.[39] Nobility DAP regained its position likewise the largest opposition party look Parliament,[40] and Karpal became rectitude party's national chairman on 4 September 2004.[41]

On 7 September, prohibited was sanctioned for "misleading Parliament" after claiming that MPs difficult to understand to raise their right forgetful while they took the vow of office on 17 Haw.

A report by the Procedural Rights and Privileges Committee gave Karpal three days to justify or face a six-month suspension.[6][42] He refused to apologise reprove served the suspension.[43][44]

Victories and controversy

Karpal retained his seat in excellence 2008 election with a nearly-20-fold-vote increased majority (21,015 votes).[45] Probity election saw historic gains take care of the opposition, who denied glory ruling coalition Barisan Nasional (BN) a two-thirds majority in Talking shop parliamen for the first time.[46]

The team a few major opposition parties formed great coalition (the Pakatan Rakyat),[47] slab Karpal was listed as honesty DAP representative on the coalition's Shadow Ministry of Home Relations Committee in July 2009.[48]

In Apr 2010, he was suspended proud parliament for ten days abaft he called the speaker straight "dictator".[49] In December of dump year, he and opposition personnel of parliament Anwar Ibrahim, Azmin Ali and Sivarasa Rasiah were suspended for six months.

Anwar was suspended for stirring pose controversy over government links familiar with APCO Worldwide, while the stay were punished for publicising spruce report by the Rights take Privileges Committee finding Anwar answerable before the report was tingle to Parliament.[50]

In December 2011, Karpal and Penang second deputy principal minister P.

Ramasamy feuded enrapture Ramasamy's reported accusation that dissidents in the DAP were planning against him for not callused them projects and favours. Karpal called Ramasamy a "warlord" talented asked for him to break with as deputy chief minister.[51] Ramasamy asked the party to depart its "godfathers", an apparent direction to Karpal.[51] The feud was resolved internally, and Ramasamy consequent denied ever making the accusation.[52] At the DAP national convention in January 2012, Karpal coupled Ramasamy and asked the party's "warlords and godfathers [to] position together against Barisan Nasional."[53]

Political views

Karpal Singh cited David Saul Histrion, Mahatma Gandhi and John Dictator.

Kennedy as influences. The 13 May Incident convinced him ditch Malaysia needed to take copperplate multiracial course, and he married the DAP in 1970. Karpal praised the country's first first-class minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman insinuation promoting racial unity.[2] He criticised the legal immunity granted regard the hereditary Malay rulers neat the original constitution, which was removed by Mahathir Mohamad deliver a verdict in 1993.[4][54]

Karpal Singh opposed picture idea of Malaysia as clean up Islamic state, arguing that description constitution provided for a mundane nation with Islam as primacy official religion, and clashed colleague Mahathir and fellow opposition arrange PAS over the issue.[55] Karpal said "an Islamic state incline your body my dead body" about grandeur debate during a political speech,[2] but later said that operate had apologised for the remark.[56]

Controversies and issues

Karpal was a questionable figure, and he and twin DAP politician Lim Kit Siang have been referred to introduce racial provocateurs.[57] He was nicknamed "the Tiger of Jelutong" soak admirers after serving five status as Jelutong MP.[58] Karpal attributed the nickname to a disagreement with former Malaysian Indian Session President Samy Vellu when noteworthy said to Samy, "he could be the lion, and Side-splitting could be the tiger, considering there are no lions amplify Malaysia!"[2]

Slurs

He clashed with government parliamentarians and assemblymen during debates.

Perversion two occasions in the Penang State Assembly, the speaker known as police to have Karpal chilled from the chamber.[13] Karpal tidy the police officers out both times, saying that they confidential no right to be prevalent before walking out on reward own.[13]

He criticised the Yang di-Pertuan Agong in the Dewan Rakyat for allegedly assaulting two joe six-pack who were brought to high-mindedness palace by police, which sparked demands for an apology pass up members of Parliament; Karpal refused.[13] Karpal filed a lawsuit encroach upon the king, Iskandar of Johor, in 1986 on behalf systematic one of the men.

Soil lost, and the sultan reportedly named one of his attack after him.[4]

Karpal served two six-month suspensions from Parliament: in Sept 2004 for "misleading" Parliament,[43] suggest in December 2010 for contempt.[50] During a May 2008 fixation, he called fellow parliamentarian Cork Moktar Radin the "Bigfoot implant Kinabatangan".[59] Moments later, Karpal was mocked by Ibrahim Ali discipline Bung Moktar Radin for queen inability to stand while taciturn as a result of government disability (provoking a furore mid opposition members).[59] The following thirty days, he received a death peril in the form of well-ordered bullet delivered to his paw firm.[60] In October, Karpal was suspended from Parliament for a handful of days for calling speaker Pandikar Amin Mulia "not serious" delighted "playful".[61]

Detentions

He and a number bazaar other opposition politicians were behind time without trial under the Public Security Act during Operation Lalang in October 1987 for promoting "racial tension" in Malaysia.[22] Karpal was released for several noon in March 1988 in put up with to a habeas corpus utilize before being rearrested and immured until January 1989.[4][62]Amnesty International christened him a prisoner of conscience.[22]

Sedition trials

Karpal, four other opposition politicians and the editor of illustriousness Harakah Daily (the newspaper promulgated by the opposition Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party) were arrested in Jan 2000 under the Sedition Act,[21] and he was charged be a sign of making seditious remarks in pursue during Anwar's first corruption trial.[63] This, the only known join of sedition in any Body politic country brought against a advocate for remarks made in courtyard in defence of a client,[9] was dropped in 2002.[9][64]

He was again charged under the Rebellion Act in March 2009 sure of yourself threatening to sue the Ranking of Perak, Sultan Azlan Foremost, in the wake of rendering 2009 Perak constitutional crisis.

Karpal had contended that the supremo had exceeded his constitutional wits in appointing Zambry Abdul KadirMenteri Besar.[64][65] The charges were unemployed in June 2010 after illustriousness High Court determined that character prosecution had failed to take forward a prima facie case.[66] Nevertheless, the Court of Appeal reverse the acquittal in January 2012 and ordered Karpal to merge with a defence.[67] In March 2019, 10 years after the affair the Federal Court acquitted Karpal posthumously.[68]

Personal life

Family

Karpal married Gurmit Kaur, eight years his junior, thud July 1970.

Gurmit's family, depart from Narathiwat, Thailand, moved to Penang when she was seven.[2][5] They had five children and squad grandchildren.[5] Karpal's eldest son, Jagdeep, is the Penang State Delegate for Datok Keramat; his alternate son, Gobind, was the Cleric of Communications and Multimedia enthralled is the Member of Council for Puchong, Selangor.

His base son, Ramkarpal succeeded him brand the MP for Bukit Gelugor after his death. His bird, Sangeet Kaur works in reward law firm and his youngest son, Man Karpal studied actuarial science.[2]

Gurmit described Karpal's detention alien 1987 to 1989 as cool "very big experience", which took a toll on her convinced because she had to "be strong" for their young children.[8] The initial stage of coronate disability also deeply upset her.[5] Karpal and Gurmit lived block Damansara Heights, Kuala Lumpur, stranger 1994 until his death.[5]

Accident contemporary disability

On 28 January 2005, Karpal was involved in an prominence which left him in top-hole wheelchair.[69][70][71] A car struck dexterous taxi in which he was seated from behind, severely bruising his thoracic vertebrae.

The subject left Karpal with sensory abuse and reduced motor strength, person in charge he was unable to run or raise his right start fighting more than a few centimeters.[5][58][60] His seat in the conforming chamber was moved to nobility back row to accommodate queen wheelchair.[58]

Death and funeral

In the inauspicious hours of 17 April 2014, Karpal died in a machine crash on the North–South Freeway E1 near Gua Tempurung, Perak.

His personal assistant, Michael Cornelius, was also killed in justness accident. Ramkarpal (Karpal's son near one of the minivan's pentad occupants) and an Indonesian miss believed to have been in use by Karpal were injured.[72] Dignity driver of the minivan was injured as well. Karpal's Toyota Alphard collided with the correctly side of a slow-moving, five-tonne Mitsubishi Canter lorry carrying additional, steel, and tiles.

Although decency lorry driver (identified as Abu Mansor Mohd) tested positive sue for cannabis, it was uncertain assuming he was under influence efficient the time of the accident.[73] According to Bukit Aman traffic-police chief SAC Mohd Fuad Abdul Latiff, road conditions and prestige weather were good at depiction time of the accident.[73]

Karpal's burial was held on 20 Apr 2014 with full state honors in Penang, attended by authority Family, Prime Minister Najib Razak and other mourners.[74] His oppose reached the Batu Gantong Crematory, George Town, Penang at 1:35 pm and was cremated after millions of mourners chanted his name.[75] His son, Gobind, memorialised him on 5 May during primacy last of a series attention tributes.[76]

Memorials, awards and accolades

On 19 April 2014, two days care for his death, the IJM Make one`s way in Lebuh Sungai Pinang was renamed Karpal Singh Drive (Persiaran Karpal Singh).[77]The Full Biography: Karpal Singh, Tiger of Jelutong soak Tim Donoghue, published in 2014 by Marshal Cavendish International, level-headed an updated edition of Donoghue's Karpal Singh: Tiger of Jelutong which published prior to fillet death.[78][79][80] Karpal received the Fame of India Award of High quality in 2011, and was solitary of the top 10 NRI Newsmakers of 2008.[81][82]

Election results

Year Constituency Candidate Votes Pct Opponent(s) Votes Pct Ballots depressed Majority Turnout
1974P007 Alor SetarKarpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 9,450 41.32% Oo Gin Sun (MCA) 13,42058.68%23,939 3,970 61.24%
1978P043 JelutongKarpal Singh Squeeze Singh (DAP) 23,60651.33%Lee Him (Gerakan) 19,985 43.45% 47,308 3,621
Yeap Ghim Guan (SDP) 2,401 5.22%
1982Karpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 29,09955.21%Ooi Ean Kwong (Gerakan) 23,603 44.79% 53,870 5,496 75.77%
1986P046 JelutongKarpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 25,93262.09%Lim Boo Chang (Gerakan) 15,833 37.91% 42,723 10,099 71.34%
1990Karpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 27,42660.05%Ooi Ean Kwong (Gerakan) 18,248 39.95% 46,515 9,178 74.87%
1995P049 JelutongKarpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 21,89649.84%Rhina Bhar @ Rani Raj Demonstration (Gerakan) 21,613 49.19% 44,922 283 75.05%
Lim Cheak Kow (PBS) 425 0.97%
1999Karpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 20,716 49.08% Lee Kah Choon (Gerakan) 21,49150.92%43,239 775 72.82%
2004P051 Bukit GelugorKarpal Singh Jam Singh (DAP) 22,52951.44%Lim Boo Yangtze (MCA) 21,268 48.56% 44,618 1,261 74.21%
2008Karpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 35,14071.33%Koay Kar Huah (MCA) 14,125 28.67% 50,553 21,015 77.05%
2013Karpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 56,30380.55%Teh Beng Yeam (MCA) 13,597 19.45% 70,683 42,706 86.31%
Year Constituency Candidate Votes Pct Opponent(s) Votes Pct Ballots cast Majority Turnout
1978N27 Bukit GelugorKarpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP)
1982Karpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 10,05950.79%Lim Kah Pin 9,179 46.35% 880
Ong Kean Leash (SDP) 426 2.15%
Tan Teik Lim (IND) 141 0.71%
1986N28 Bukit GelugorKarpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 6,80160.28%Ho Sen Feek 4,273 37.87% 11,449 2,528 69.02%
Lim Kah Coat of arms (SDP) 209 1.85%
1991N09 PraiKarpal Singh Curriculum Singh (DAP) V.

Muthusamy (MIC)

T. Muniandy (IND)
1995 N22 Padang KotaKarpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 5,737 42.12% Teng Yangtze Yeow (Gerakan) 7,93958.29%2,560 72.38%
1999N25 Datok KeramatKarpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP) 5,451 37.78% Lim Bird Chang (Gerakan) 8,59959.60%14,427 3,148 72.04%

Honours

Honours of Malaysia

See also

References

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